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Mineral Separation Equipment for Flotation Processing
A flotation machine is mineral processing equipment used to separate minerals according to differences in surface properties.
After grinding and classification, ore is mixed with water and flotation reagents to form slurry. Air is introduced into the flotation cell, where bubbles contact selected mineral particles. Mineral-loaded bubbles rise to the surface and form froth, which is removed as concentrate.
Flotation machines are commonly used after grinding and classification in metallic and non-metallic mineral processing plants.
LIPU provides several flotation machine series for different processing requirements.
SF and BF flotation machines use mechanical agitation to keep particles suspended and promote contact between mineral particles and air bubbles.
Depending on the circuit design, they can be used for roughing, scavenging, and cleaning stages.
Typical characteristics include:
KYF, XCF, and BS-K flotation machines are suitable for larger or more complex flotation circuits.
KYF cells generally use external air supply, while XCF cells can be used where pulp suction is required in the circuit arrangement.
The final flotation machine type should be selected according to ore characteristics, flotation test results, pulp density, required capacity, and process design.
LIPU flotation machines can be used for a range of metallic and non-metallic minerals.
Typical materials include:
Typical applications include:
Flotation performance depends on grinding size, pulp density, reagent conditions, aeration, and circuit design.
Conditioned slurry enters the flotation cell, where the impeller or rotor creates agitation and keeps mineral particles suspended.
Air is introduced and dispersed into bubbles. Hydrophobic mineral particles attach to the bubbles and rise to the surface, forming a mineralized froth layer.
The froth scraper removes the concentrate, while the remaining slurry moves to the next flotation cell or process stage.
A typical flotation machine includes:
The exact structure varies according to the flotation machine series and aeration method.
A flotation machine normally works as part of a complete beneficiation system.
A typical process may be arranged as:
Crushing → Grinding → Classification → Conditioning → Flotation → Concentrate Dewatering
For example:
Jaw Crusher → Ball Mill → Spiral Classifier or Hydrocyclone → Flotation Machine → Thickening → Filtration
Ball mills are commonly used before flotation to reduce the ore to the required liberation size, while classifiers or hydrocyclones separate qualified fine material from coarse particles before flotation.
A flotation circuit may include:
The number of stages depends on ore characteristics and concentrate quality requirements.
Flotation machine selection depends on tank volume, processing capacity, aeration requirements, mineral characteristics, and the complete flotation circuit.
| Model | Tank volume (m3) | Impeller diameter(mm) | Impeller speed(r/min) | Processing capacity (m3/min) | Main motor power(kW) | Scraper motor power(kW) | Weight (t/slot) |
| SF0.37 | 0.37 | 300 | 442 | 0.2-0.4 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.4 |
| SF0.7 | 0.7 | 350 | 400 | 0.3-1 | 3 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
| SF1.2 | 1.2 | 450 | 312 | 0.6-1.2 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
| SF2.8 | 2.8 | 550 | 268 | 1.5-3.5 | 11 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
| SF4 | 4 | 650 | 235 | 2-4 | 15 | 1.5 | 2.6 |
| SF8 | 8 | 760 | 191 | 4-8 | 30 | 1.5 | 4.3 |
| SF16 | 16 | 850 | 190 | 5-16 | 45 | 1.5 | 7.4 |
| Model | Tank volume (m3) | Impeller diameter(mm) | Impeller speed(r/min) | Air intake(m3/m2.min) | Processing capacity (m3/min) | Power(kW) | Weight (t/slot) |
| BF2.8 | 2.8 | 550 | 278 | 0.9-1.1 | 1.4-3 | 11 | 2.1 |
| BF4 | 4 | 650 | 235 | 0.9-1.1 | 2.4-4 | 15 | 2.6 |
| BF6 | 6 | 700 | 205 | 0.9-1.1 | 3-6 | 18.5 | 3.3 |
| BF8 | 8 | 760 | 188 | 0.9-1.1 | 4-8 | 22 | 4.1 |
| BF10 | 10 | 760 | 188 | 0.9-1.1 | 5-10 | 22 | 4.5 |
| BF16 | 16 | 850 | 195 | 0.9-1.1 | 8-16 | 37 | 8.3 |
| BF20 | 20 | 850 | 195 | 0.9-1.1 | 10-20 | 45 | 8.7 |
| BF24 | 24 | 920 | 181 | 0.9-1.1 | 12-24 | 45 | 9 |
| Model | Tank volume (m3) | Impeller diameter (mm) | Impeller speed (r/min) | Blower air pressure (kpa) | Aeration rate (m3/m2.min) | Processing capacity (m3/min) | Main motor power (kW) | Scraper motor power (kW) | Weight (t/slot) |
| KYF1 | 1 | 340 | 281 | ≥12.6 | 2 | 0.2-1 | 4 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
| KYF2 | 2 | 410 | 247 | ≥14.7 | 2 | 0.4-2 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
| KYF3 | 3 | 480 | 219 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 0.6-3 | 7.5 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| KYF4 | 4 | 550 | 200 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 1.2-4 | 11 | 1.5 | 2.2 |
| KYF8 | 8 | 630 | 175 | ≥21.6 | 2 | 3.0-8 | 15 | 1.5 | 4.2 |
| KYF16 | 16 | 740 | 160 | ≥25.5 | 2 | 4.0-16 | 30 | 1.5 | 6 |
| KYF24 | 24 | 800 | 150 | ≥30.4 | 2 | 4.0-24 | 30 | 1.5 | 7.5 |
| KYF38 | 38 | 880 | 138 | ≥34.3 | 2 | 10-38 | 37 | 1.5 | 10.3 |
| Model | Tank volume (m3) | Impeller diameter (mm) | Impeller speed (r/min) | Blower air pressure (kpa) | Aeration rate (m3/m2.min) | Processing capacity (m3/min) | Main motor power (kW) | Scraper motor power (kW) | Weight (t/slot) |
| XCF1 | 1 | 400 | 358 | ≥12.6 | 2 | 0.2-1 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| XCF2 | 2 | 470 | 331 | ≥14.7 | 2 | 0.4-2 | 7.5 | 1.1 | 1.7 |
| XCF3 | 3 | 540 | 266 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 0.6-3 | 11 | 1.5 | 2.3 |
| XCF4 | 4 | 620 | 215 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 1.2-4 | 15 | 1.5 | 2.7 |
| XCF8 | 8 | 720 | 185 | ≥21.6 | 2 | 3.0-8 | 22 | 1.5 | 4.5 |
| XCF16 | 16 | 860 | 160 | ≥25.5 | 2 | 4-16 | 37 | 1.5 | 6.6 |
| XCF24 | 24 | 950 | 153 | ≥30.4 | 2 | 4-24 | 37 | 1.5 | 8 |
| XCF38 | 38 | 1050 | 148 | ≥34.3 | 2 | 10-38 | 45 | 1.5 | 11 |
| Model | Tank volume (m3) | Impeller diameter (mm) | Impeller speed (r/min) | Blower air pressure (kpa) | Aeration rate (m3/m2.min) | Processing capacity (m3/min) | Main motor power (kW) | Scraper motor power (kW) | Weight (t/slot) |
| BS-K2.2 | 2.2 | 420 | 260 | ≥12.6 | 2 | 0.2-1 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| BS-K4 | 4 | 500 | 220/230 | ≥14.7 | 2 | 0.4-2 | 7.5 | 1.1 | 1.7 |
| BS-K6 | 6 | 650 | 197 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 0.6-3 | 11 | 1.5 | 2.3 |
| BS-K8 | 8 | 650 | 180/190 | ≥19.8 | 2 | 1.2-4 | 15 | 1.5 | 2.7 |
| BS-K16 | 16 | 750 | 160/170 | ≥21.6 | 2 | 3.0-8 | 22 | 1.5 | 4.5 |
| BS-K24 | 24 | 830 | 154/159 | ≥25.5 | 2 | 4-16 | 37 | 1.5 | 6.6 |
| BS-K38 | 38 | 910 | 141 | ≥30.4 | 2 | 4-24 | 37 | 1.5 | 8 |
Actual processing capacity may vary according to ore characteristics, pulp conditions, flotation stage, and operating parameters. The technical tables should be used for preliminary model selection.
Flotation machine selection should be based on the complete process rather than tank volume alone.
For preliminary selection, the most useful project information includes:
Ore testing is especially important for complex ores because flotation performance may vary significantly even when the main mineral type is similar.
LIPU Heavy Industry provides equipment for crushing, grinding, classification, flotation, gravity separation, magnetic separation, thickening, and dewatering.
For flotation projects, LIPU can assist with:
For complete beneficiation projects, flotation equipment should be selected together with upstream grinding and downstream concentrate handling equipment.
What minerals can be processed by a flotation machine?
Flotation machines are commonly used for copper, lead-zinc, molybdenum, sulfide gold ores, fluorite, graphite, phosphate, and other floatable minerals.
Does a flotation machine require air?
Yes. Air is required to form bubbles in the flotation cell. Depending on the machine type, air may be introduced by self-aeration or an external air supply system.
What is the difference between roughing, scavenging, and cleaning?
Roughing recovers most of the valuable minerals from the feed. Scavenging treats rougher tailings to recover additional valuable material, while cleaning improves concentrate grade.
What information is needed to select a flotation machine?
Ore type, capacity, grinding size, pulp density, mineral composition, flotation stage, and preferably flotation test data are useful for model selection.
Can LIPU provide a complete flotation processing line?
Yes. LIPU can provide equipment matching for crushing, grinding, classification, flotation, thickening, filtration, and other related mineral processing stages.
We provide a variety of mining and processing equipment, including feeders, rock crushers, grinders, classifying and screening machines, washing machines, gravity separators, flotation machines, magnetic separators, electric separators, dewatering equipment and laboratory mineral processing equipment.
